PC-based Data
Acquisition selection.
Selecting the
right PC-based data acquisition system to perform mechanical
testing is a complex challenge.
A basic understanding of the types of systems available goes
a long way towards clearing up the confusion before committing
to a specific type of data acquisition system, it must include
the necessary signal conditioning for the application.
For example,
plug-in board and PC-card systems typically read only voltages.
To measure temperature, strain and vibration, additional external
signal conditioning hardware would be required to convert the
transducers output to a voltage suitable for the data acquisition
systems input.
Suppliers work closely with systems integrators, specialists
in finding solutions to the customers hardware and software applications.
Choosing the right system depends on the particular needs of
the application.
The very first
thing to consider is whether the application is portable, requiring
a notebook PC, or whether a desktop PC can be used.
Plug-in
boards
Data
acquisition plug-in boards are a popular solution for desktop
test applications. One advantage is high acquisition speeds because
of direct data-bus connections. Boards with sampling speeds of
up to 200kHz are commonly available.
On-board processing
has the advantage of speeding up the data analysis by processing
the raw data prior to transferring it to the PC.
PC-card
systems
Because
of their compact size, most portable PCs cannot accept plug-in
boards. For PCs with a PC-card (PCMCIA) slot, PC-card data acquisition
systems are available. Although they are more convenient to install
than plug-in boards, PC-cards generally have a more limited capability
due to their small form factor.
However, for
many portable applications where the size of the system is of
prime importance they are an ideal solution. In most cases the
PC card can be connected to signal conditioning modules in a
similar fashion to the plug-in boards.
Externally
connected
Where
channel expansion, convenient connections, a quiet environment
and signal conditioning are required, externally connected data
acquisition systems may be a better solution.
These systems make use of the PC's existing ports for communication,
such as the serial port, parallel port, or the USB (Universal
Serial Bus) port. Because they are external to the PC, external
data acquisition systems
offer a number of advantages...
They
can be installed without opening the desk-top PC,
They
can be easily used with notebook PCs,
They
have room for built-in signal connections
They
can be easily expanded by adding modules or boards that contain
signal conditioning hardware.
Some external
systems can achieve sampling rates up to 1MHz, making them suitable
for dynamic signal measurement. However, speed is not always
of
importance in data acquisition.
USB-based systems
are best suited to medium-speed acquisition and offer true plug-and-play,
hot-swapping capability.
Other PC-based
data acquisition systems are also available for measuring slow-changing
phenomena such as temperature and voltage.